Improving interrater reliability and intrarater reliability can be done by palpating the bony landmarks when using a goniometer; this is one reason why it is important to palpate them! It is also important to palpate these bony landmarks to position the goniometer at the correct point of axis and for the arm positioning to produce the most accurate results from the goniometer. It is important to use proper positioning when measuring range of motion to ensure that you are measuring the correct angle and to ensure the client’s safety and comfort. It is important to have the Manual Muscle Testing position at the mid-range of motion to get optimal muscle contraction – if started too close to the beginning the body is at a mechanical disadvantage, if too far past the midrange of motion the body encounters active insufficiency. Test position is also important for Manual Muscle testing to make sure that the appropriate muscle is being tested. Gravity eliminated position is significant because it allows the therapist, or tester, to determine if the client’s given muscle is able to contract, and how much range of motion is possible without the resistance, or load, of gravity being a factor.
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